Unconventional projects can be the most challenging.
Oil sands are generally shallow and the seismic coverage can be broadband (from 15Hz up to 250Hz or more). Understanding the complicated stratigraphy is critical to successful production. Spectral methods highlight details that can be lost in the broadband stack. Dip-azimuth and dip-magnitude also reveal details of depositional architecture. Oil sands projects are generally 4-D, so consistent processing across the vintages is important. For oil sands projects we would apply;
Shale (and tight Carbonate) plays often turn on subtle changes in stratigraphy and fracturing. Spectral methods expose geology at, and below classical resolution. Spectral Discontinuity shows edges and faulting as illuminated by all frequencies (not just the predominant frequency). Multi-scale Curvature can be used to infer zones where fracturing might be more pervasive. If azimuthal volumes are available, they are processed seperately and compared. For shale and tight carbonate projects we would apply;